Interpretation of Wildlife Disease as a Manifestation of Human     
Elephant Conflict in Wayanad  Wildlife Sanctuary - Kerala
                   Jacob V. Cheeran, Arun Zachariah,
                             Subash C. K. & Easwaran E. K.

     Wayanad wildlife sanctuary(Kerala, India) has an
administrative unit of 344.44 Km2 of area. This comprises
of, two discontinuous units of 266.77 Km2 (latitudes 110
35’ N - 110 49 N and longitudes 760 13 E - 760 27’ E), in
Sulthan Bathery Taluk and 77.67 km2 (latitudes 110 50’ N
- 110 59’ N and longitude 760 02’ E - 760 7 E) area, in
Mananthavady Taluk of Wayand District.

Wayanad traditionally refers to the region encompassed
by the Wayanad plateau (about 5000 km2) situated at the
confluence of three biologically distinct diverse regions,
the main western ghat mountains, the Nilgiri hills and the
Deccan plateau. The plateau rises steeply from the coastal
and plains of Kerala and slopes gently eastwards to merge
with Deccan plateau in the east. The sanctuary area is
located in the eastern edge of this plateau contiguous to
the Nagarhole and Bandipur National Park of Karnataka
State in the north-east and Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary in
the south east. These four contiguous areas have a total
area of 2,184 km2.

The sanctuary is a component of the Nilgiri Biosphere
reserve and it’s a vital component of the Elephant Reserve
No.7 of southern India, under Project Elephant that
harbours prime population of Asian elephants. Within this
ecological continuum, Wayanad has the role of dry season
refuge for a major population of these elephants, due to its
moist climate and water regimen. Thus it offers natural
corridors for the seasonal migration of long-distance
migratory animals within this greater conservation unit.
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